1 00:00:00,680 --> 00:00:05,360 (host speaking in foreign language) 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 3 00:00:05,360 --> 00:00:10,360 (lively music) (crowd cheering) 4 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 5 00:00:15,400 --> 00:00:18,800 (lively music continues) 6 00:00:21,840 --> 00:00:23,120 ♪ Well, gonna write a little letter ♪ 7 00:00:23,120 --> 00:00:27,200 ♪ Gonna mail it to my local DJ ♪ 8 00:00:27,200 --> 00:00:28,840 ♪ It's a rocking little record ♪ 9 00:00:28,840 --> 00:00:33,040 ♪ I want my jockey to play ♪ 10 00:00:33,040 --> 00:00:34,480 ♪ Roll over Beethoven ♪ 11 00:00:34,480 --> 00:00:38,600 ♪ Gotta hear it again today ♪ 12 00:00:38,600 --> 00:00:40,400 ♪ You know my temperature's rising ♪ 13 00:00:40,400 --> 00:00:42,600 - [Paul] We were just kids let off the leash. 14 00:00:42,600 --> 00:00:45,760 (lively music) 15 00:00:45,760 --> 00:00:47,120 - [George] Well, there's all the gangsters 16 00:00:47,120 --> 00:00:48,520 and there's the transvestite, 17 00:00:48,520 --> 00:00:49,680 and there's the hookers. 18 00:00:49,680 --> 00:00:51,000 It was exciting. 19 00:00:52,120 --> 00:00:53,240 - [Paul] You're in Hamburg. 20 00:00:53,240 --> 00:00:54,200 You're 18. 21 00:00:54,200 --> 00:00:56,600 You never been abroad in your life. 22 00:00:56,600 --> 00:00:58,080 And you've got a bit of money in your pocket, 23 00:00:58,080 --> 00:01:00,000 and you go drinking on a Saturday night. 24 00:01:00,000 --> 00:01:02,800 (lively music) 25 00:01:02,800 --> 00:01:03,960 But by the time you got to Hamburg, 26 00:01:03,960 --> 00:01:05,800 if you've got a girlfriend there, 27 00:01:05,800 --> 00:01:07,360 she's likely to be a stripper. 28 00:01:07,360 --> 00:01:09,960 (lively music) 29 00:01:11,320 --> 00:01:12,920 - [John] The only way to survive in Hamburg 30 00:01:12,920 --> 00:01:14,920 to play 8 hours a night was to take pills. 31 00:01:14,920 --> 00:01:16,120 The waiters gave you them. 32 00:01:16,120 --> 00:01:17,400 Pills and drink. 33 00:01:17,400 --> 00:01:19,960 I always took more pills and more of everything 34 00:01:19,960 --> 00:01:21,320 because I'm more crazy. 35 00:01:21,320 --> 00:01:23,520 (lively music) 36 00:01:23,520 --> 00:01:24,920 - Jesus, he looked like Marlon Brando 37 00:01:24,920 --> 00:01:26,560 in "The Wild One" at the time, you know? 38 00:01:26,560 --> 00:01:28,000 (lively music) 39 00:01:28,000 --> 00:01:31,120 - [John] What we generated was fantastic. 40 00:01:31,120 --> 00:01:33,880 When we played straight rock in Liverpool, Hamburg, 41 00:01:33,880 --> 00:01:35,360 and around the dance halls, you know? 42 00:01:35,360 --> 00:01:37,240 ♪ Beethoven ♪ 43 00:01:37,240 --> 00:01:38,040 ♪ Roll over ♪ 44 00:01:38,040 --> 00:01:40,480 - [Astrid] The Reeperbahn is not a place 45 00:01:40,480 --> 00:01:42,080 where young ladies go. 46 00:01:42,080 --> 00:01:44,240 You know, it was not a nice place to go. 47 00:01:45,680 --> 00:01:47,040 ♪ Roll over Beethoven ♪ 48 00:01:47,040 --> 00:01:49,600 - [Paul] It was only kind of good, clean fun. 49 00:01:49,600 --> 00:01:51,360 Good, dirty fun, actually. 50 00:01:51,360 --> 00:01:56,360 (siren blaring) (explosion booming) 51 00:02:01,400 --> 00:02:04,600 - Liverpool and Hamburg had contrasting wars, I would say. 52 00:02:04,600 --> 00:02:08,320 Liverpool was the main Western seaport, 53 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:10,160 so it was vital, obviously, for shipping 54 00:02:10,160 --> 00:02:11,640 from through the Atlantic. 55 00:02:11,640 --> 00:02:13,880 And so it was obviously going to be a target 56 00:02:13,880 --> 00:02:15,280 of German bombing. 57 00:02:15,280 --> 00:02:17,080 - [Reporter 1] Seated on the hood of a touring car, 58 00:02:17,080 --> 00:02:18,960 the Prime Minister goes on a tonic tour 59 00:02:18,960 --> 00:02:22,360 of the bombed areas of Birkenhead, Liverpool and Manchester. 60 00:02:22,360 --> 00:02:25,520 - Liverpool was the second most bombed city in Britain 61 00:02:25,520 --> 00:02:29,240 after London and it lost about 4000 people 62 00:02:29,240 --> 00:02:30,400 in those bombing raids. 63 00:02:30,400 --> 00:02:32,960 (lively music) 64 00:02:36,080 --> 00:02:37,680 - [Reporter 2] One of the greatest serial stories 65 00:02:37,680 --> 00:02:39,840 of the War, the battering of Hamburg. 66 00:02:39,840 --> 00:02:41,640 By night and day the big German city 67 00:02:41,640 --> 00:02:43,160 was subjected to Allied air assaults 68 00:02:43,160 --> 00:02:45,360 without parallel in history. 69 00:02:45,360 --> 00:02:49,320 - [Frank] Hamburg was obviously a key German port, 70 00:02:49,320 --> 00:02:52,960 very big in the submarine industry. 71 00:02:52,960 --> 00:02:56,320 Bomber Harris, he was the head of Fighter Command, 72 00:02:56,320 --> 00:02:59,920 he made Hamburg one of his key targets. 73 00:02:59,920 --> 00:03:04,920 And in 1943 he mounted a huge bombing raid in July 74 00:03:06,400 --> 00:03:10,440 called Gomorrah, where he bombed the whole of Hamburg. 75 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:11,800 - [Reporter 3] Neutral sources report 76 00:03:11,800 --> 00:03:14,280 that in eight heavy Allied raids on Hamburg, 77 00:03:14,280 --> 00:03:17,280 more than 58,000 people lost their lives 78 00:03:17,280 --> 00:03:19,960 and 180,000 lost their jobs. 79 00:03:19,960 --> 00:03:21,640 - [Frank] More people died in that bombing raid 80 00:03:21,640 --> 00:03:23,520 probably than in Nagasaki. 81 00:03:23,520 --> 00:03:26,080 (gentle music) 82 00:03:28,800 --> 00:03:31,120 Hamburg is devastated. 83 00:03:31,120 --> 00:03:35,280 Liverpool is sort of damaged but survives. 84 00:03:35,280 --> 00:03:37,880 (lively music) 85 00:03:45,520 --> 00:03:48,960 (lively music continues) 86 00:03:50,440 --> 00:03:54,160 ♪ My heart ♪ 87 00:03:54,160 --> 00:03:57,480 ♪ Longs for moments ♪ 88 00:03:57,480 --> 00:03:59,760 ♪ With you ♪ 89 00:04:00,760 --> 00:04:04,240 - [John] Liverpool was the second biggest port in England. 90 00:04:04,240 --> 00:04:07,320 Also, it was a very poor city and tough. 91 00:04:07,320 --> 00:04:09,160 But people have a sense of humor 92 00:04:09,160 --> 00:04:10,520 and it's where the sailors would come home 93 00:04:10,520 --> 00:04:13,480 with the blues records from America on the ships. 94 00:04:13,480 --> 00:04:14,560 - [Paul] Up until that point, 95 00:04:14,560 --> 00:04:16,600 it had been sort of Billy Cotton 96 00:04:16,600 --> 00:04:18,680 and swing and bebop and stuff, 97 00:04:18,680 --> 00:04:22,000 but suddenly rock and roll kind of burst on the scene. 98 00:04:22,000 --> 00:04:23,720 Lonnie Donegan was the other big influence. 99 00:04:23,720 --> 00:04:26,040 That's what made all the kids buy guitars at the time. 100 00:04:26,040 --> 00:04:30,320 ♪ Oh, Maggie, Maggie May, they have taken her away ♪ 101 00:04:30,320 --> 00:04:34,640 ♪ And she'll never walk down Lime Street any more ♪ 102 00:04:34,640 --> 00:04:36,320 ♪ And the judge he guilty ♪ 103 00:04:36,320 --> 00:04:39,400 ♪ Found her of robbing a homeward-bounder ♪ 104 00:04:39,400 --> 00:04:42,840 - [Paul] John was on stage with what was then the Quarrymen. 105 00:04:42,840 --> 00:04:44,840 - [John] I met Paul and said, "Do you want to join my band?" 106 00:04:44,840 --> 00:04:46,480 You know? 107 00:04:46,480 --> 00:04:48,760 - [Paul] And I knew the words to Eddie Cochran's 108 00:04:48,760 --> 00:04:49,960 Twenty Flight Rock. 109 00:04:49,960 --> 00:04:51,760 That meant I was in. 110 00:04:51,760 --> 00:04:53,480 - [John] And then George joined. 111 00:04:53,480 --> 00:04:55,000 - [Paul] George was a mate of mine. 112 00:04:55,000 --> 00:04:58,200 He went to the same school as I did, Liverpool Institute. 113 00:04:58,200 --> 00:05:00,160 And so we learned our first chords together 114 00:05:00,160 --> 00:05:02,400 and got the Bert Weedon songbook 115 00:05:02,400 --> 00:05:04,720 and learned all the chords, you know? 116 00:05:04,720 --> 00:05:07,680 - Suppose the big decision was Mona's, my mother. 117 00:05:07,680 --> 00:05:11,120 Going to open it as a coffee bar. 118 00:05:11,120 --> 00:05:13,440 She wanted a band for opening night. 119 00:05:13,440 --> 00:05:15,160 Who did they turn out to be? 120 00:05:15,160 --> 00:05:16,120 Quarrymen. 121 00:05:16,120 --> 00:05:17,280 No drummer. 122 00:05:17,280 --> 00:05:18,160 Just four guitars. 123 00:05:19,280 --> 00:05:20,840 ♪ Maggie May ♪ 124 00:05:20,840 --> 00:05:22,680 Paul McCartney and John Lennon. 125 00:05:22,680 --> 00:05:25,280 (gentle music) 126 00:05:32,680 --> 00:05:36,080 (gentle music continues) 127 00:05:39,400 --> 00:05:43,960 - [Frank] The Germans call 1945 'Year Zero' 128 00:05:43,960 --> 00:05:47,520 because the devastation throughout Germany was incredible. 129 00:05:47,520 --> 00:05:49,840 And by the end, you know, there was no water supply, 130 00:05:49,840 --> 00:05:51,520 there was no electricity. 131 00:05:51,520 --> 00:05:55,120 And certainly nothing was functioning that well 132 00:05:55,120 --> 00:05:58,280 for the next, you know, ten years really. 133 00:05:58,280 --> 00:06:03,000 - After the war, you know, everything was so mixed up 134 00:06:03,920 --> 00:06:06,160 in the mind of the people. 135 00:06:06,160 --> 00:06:10,880 So the first pimps with the prostitutes, 136 00:06:10,880 --> 00:06:15,640 were their own wives who doing the prostitutes job. 137 00:06:15,640 --> 00:06:18,280 Because everybody after the war, 138 00:06:18,280 --> 00:06:20,200 they wanted to earn some money. 139 00:06:20,200 --> 00:06:22,800 (lively music) 140 00:06:30,280 --> 00:06:33,720 (lively music continues) 141 00:06:38,800 --> 00:06:42,640 And everything started to begin, 55 new clubs. 142 00:06:44,440 --> 00:06:48,720 And there wasn't allowed they called it 'beauty dancer', 143 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:52,360 like these young ladies who dance like striptease. 144 00:06:52,360 --> 00:06:53,920 But it wasn't allowed. 145 00:06:53,920 --> 00:06:57,280 And everything started with the beginning 146 00:06:57,280 --> 00:06:59,280 of the rock and roll music. 147 00:06:59,280 --> 00:07:01,880 (lively music) 148 00:07:09,080 --> 00:07:10,560 (lively music continues) 149 00:07:10,560 --> 00:07:12,760 - [John] Rock and roll was real. 150 00:07:12,760 --> 00:07:16,360 To me it got through as the only thing, to get through to me 151 00:07:16,360 --> 00:07:18,080 out of all the things that were happening 152 00:07:18,080 --> 00:07:19,960 when I was 15, you know? 153 00:07:19,960 --> 00:07:22,320 - [Paul] And Elvis was one of the first people 154 00:07:22,320 --> 00:07:24,160 that kind of really made me take an interest. 155 00:07:24,160 --> 00:07:26,760 (lively music) 156 00:07:34,160 --> 00:07:37,600 (lively music continues) 157 00:07:40,760 --> 00:07:43,080 To me, it seemed like a whole new direction of music. 158 00:07:43,080 --> 00:07:45,680 (lively music) 159 00:07:46,960 --> 00:07:48,880 John knew Stuart Sutcliffe, 160 00:07:48,880 --> 00:07:51,920 who was at Art School with him and was a very good painter. 161 00:07:51,920 --> 00:07:56,040 He won an art prize and he got 75 quid for it, I think, 162 00:07:56,040 --> 00:07:59,520 and we managed to persuade him to part with this 163 00:07:59,520 --> 00:08:01,120 and get a Hofner bass. 164 00:08:01,120 --> 00:08:04,160 So it became Long John and the Silver Beatles. 165 00:08:04,160 --> 00:08:06,760 I remember playing at The Jacaranda, I think, 166 00:08:06,760 --> 00:08:09,760 downstairs at the club called The Jacaranda. 167 00:08:09,760 --> 00:08:12,960 - Lord Woodbine, was a very influential person 168 00:08:12,960 --> 00:08:14,400 as a promoter. 169 00:08:14,400 --> 00:08:17,920 I mean, it was my father and Allan Williams 170 00:08:17,920 --> 00:08:21,240 who were taking the groups like The Beatles over to Hamburg 171 00:08:21,240 --> 00:08:24,080 long before Brian Epstein came on the scene. 172 00:08:24,080 --> 00:08:26,720 (lively music) 173 00:08:26,720 --> 00:08:29,080 Beatles would play The Jacaranda. 174 00:08:29,080 --> 00:08:30,840 They played in my dad's club, The Colony Club. 175 00:08:30,840 --> 00:08:32,600 They played in the strip club. 176 00:08:32,600 --> 00:08:34,000 So he was giving them opportunities 177 00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:37,280 that practically no one else was giving them. 178 00:08:37,280 --> 00:08:39,880 - I knew that they were from the Art School. 179 00:08:39,880 --> 00:08:43,280 That was Stuart Sutcliffe and John Lennon. 180 00:08:43,280 --> 00:08:45,680 John and Stuart approached me and said, 181 00:08:45,680 --> 00:08:49,320 "Hey Al, when are you going to do something for us like?" 182 00:08:49,320 --> 00:08:50,800 - [Paul] Allan was our manager. 183 00:08:50,800 --> 00:08:53,640 Allan was the person that the German people went through 184 00:08:53,640 --> 00:08:56,080 when they wanted Liverpool rock and roll groups. 185 00:08:56,080 --> 00:08:59,640 (people singing in German) 186 00:09:06,280 --> 00:09:09,400 - [Rosi] St Pauli at the end of the fifties, 187 00:09:09,400 --> 00:09:12,520 St Pauli was for elderly people. 188 00:09:12,520 --> 00:09:16,600 - Older people listened to that middle of the road stuff. 189 00:09:16,600 --> 00:09:18,840 We call Schlager in Germany 190 00:09:19,720 --> 00:09:22,960 and the young turned from swing 191 00:09:22,960 --> 00:09:27,680 into traditional jazz revival, then to skiffle. 192 00:09:27,680 --> 00:09:32,320 - My thing to remember is that everything started 193 00:09:32,320 --> 00:09:37,320 with Elvis, Bill Haley, and Chuck Berry, and all these guys. 194 00:09:37,760 --> 00:09:40,360 (lively music) 195 00:09:45,480 --> 00:09:49,880 And then Bruno Koschmider opened the Kaiserkeller. 196 00:09:49,880 --> 00:09:53,120 Then all the people who like to dance, 197 00:09:53,120 --> 00:09:58,120 jive or boogie-woogie, they all went there to jive. 198 00:09:58,320 --> 00:10:00,920 (lively music) 199 00:10:03,640 --> 00:10:07,960 These German groups we had sometimes, these German singers, 200 00:10:07,960 --> 00:10:12,200 I was the one who said to Bruno Koschmider 201 00:10:12,200 --> 00:10:14,200 "You can forget that. 202 00:10:14,200 --> 00:10:18,880 That is funny, you know, and that is not authentic." 203 00:10:18,880 --> 00:10:22,200 And then Bruno Koschmider went to England 204 00:10:22,200 --> 00:10:27,160 and he went to London and to The 2i's Coffee Bar. 205 00:10:27,160 --> 00:10:30,560 And then he booked Tony, Tony Sheridan. 206 00:10:30,560 --> 00:10:32,320 Tony was the first band. 207 00:10:32,320 --> 00:10:37,080 but the second band was Derry Wilkie and the Seniors. 208 00:10:37,080 --> 00:10:41,480 And Howie Casey was blowing the horn in that band. 209 00:10:41,480 --> 00:10:44,600 - So we all piled into cars and drove down to London. 210 00:10:44,600 --> 00:10:47,160 (lively music) 211 00:10:48,280 --> 00:10:51,240 Allan, he hadn't arranged anything. 212 00:10:51,240 --> 00:10:53,040 He was always winging it. 213 00:10:53,040 --> 00:10:55,600 (lively music) 214 00:10:59,880 --> 00:11:04,240 And we got up and did our thing and it seemed to go well. 215 00:11:04,240 --> 00:11:06,680 And then that was when Allan said, 216 00:11:06,680 --> 00:11:10,920 "I've just met this German guy, Bruno Koschmider." 217 00:11:10,920 --> 00:11:12,760 And that's how it started. 218 00:11:12,760 --> 00:11:14,400 - The second invasion of Germany 219 00:11:14,400 --> 00:11:16,720 started about four years ago. 220 00:11:16,720 --> 00:11:18,480 This wasn't a military invasion, 221 00:11:19,360 --> 00:11:22,880 but more of a pop invasion of British beat artists. 222 00:11:24,040 --> 00:11:25,920 The club owners over here in Hamburg 223 00:11:25,920 --> 00:11:27,400 had been looking for a long time 224 00:11:27,400 --> 00:11:31,040 for something new to offer to the Hamburg youngsters. 225 00:11:31,040 --> 00:11:34,040 They heard from young seamen who had been in Hull, 226 00:11:34,040 --> 00:11:37,360 Southampton, Liverpool, such ports in Britain 227 00:11:37,360 --> 00:11:40,320 that an American style of rock and roll music 228 00:11:40,320 --> 00:11:43,880 was being played over in Britain by British artists. 229 00:11:43,880 --> 00:11:46,120 Of course, it was too expensive 230 00:11:46,120 --> 00:11:48,760 to bring American artists from the States. 231 00:11:48,760 --> 00:11:53,400 So these club owners decided to import British artists. 232 00:11:53,400 --> 00:11:55,280 - [Rosi] When the first English band 233 00:11:55,280 --> 00:11:57,040 played in the Kaiserkeller, 234 00:11:57,040 --> 00:11:59,920 the people was running at the place. 235 00:11:59,920 --> 00:12:02,320 They were standing and waiting outside, 236 00:12:02,320 --> 00:12:05,520 but the people were coming, coming, coming. 237 00:12:05,520 --> 00:12:08,080 (bell chiming) 238 00:12:09,280 --> 00:12:11,320 - The Quarrymen had disappeared. 239 00:12:11,320 --> 00:12:13,720 Unbeknownst to me, they'd become The Beatles, 240 00:12:13,720 --> 00:12:15,920 so-called Silver Beatles. 241 00:12:15,920 --> 00:12:17,560 They had the offer to go to Germany. 242 00:12:17,560 --> 00:12:19,480 In essence, they needed a drummer. 243 00:12:19,480 --> 00:12:21,160 They'd seen me playing drums, 244 00:12:21,160 --> 00:12:23,360 and I got a phone call off Paul, which basically said, 245 00:12:23,360 --> 00:12:26,120 "Pete, you interested in going to Germany?" 246 00:12:26,120 --> 00:12:28,120 As history portrays now, 247 00:12:28,120 --> 00:12:30,000 that was the start of an epic journey. 248 00:12:30,000 --> 00:12:31,760 (tires screeching) 249 00:12:31,760 --> 00:12:33,400 - [Paul] What happened was some fellow came over 250 00:12:33,400 --> 00:12:35,600 from Hamburg and he wanted rock and roll groups. 251 00:12:35,600 --> 00:12:37,880 And somehow he got the idea that they were in London, 252 00:12:37,880 --> 00:12:38,920 at The 2i's. 253 00:12:38,920 --> 00:12:40,880 And someone at The 2i's, I think, had told him 254 00:12:40,880 --> 00:12:43,480 there were also a couple of groups in Liverpool. 255 00:12:43,480 --> 00:12:45,120 So Allan Williams became the agent 256 00:12:45,120 --> 00:12:46,120 for all the Liverpool groups. 257 00:12:46,120 --> 00:12:48,680 (lively music) 258 00:12:53,680 --> 00:12:56,120 - [Allan] I had a group working there already 259 00:12:56,120 --> 00:12:59,200 and The Beatles had no money. 260 00:12:59,200 --> 00:13:01,520 They said, "We haven't got the money for the train fare 261 00:13:01,520 --> 00:13:02,840 or the boat." 262 00:13:02,840 --> 00:13:04,760 And I said, "Well, okay, then." 263 00:13:04,760 --> 00:13:06,360 I had a minibus. 264 00:13:06,360 --> 00:13:08,680 I said, "I'll take you all in the minibus." 265 00:13:08,680 --> 00:13:11,240 - We agreed to meet at The Jacaranda in the morning 266 00:13:11,240 --> 00:13:14,280 would have been the 15th August, 1960. 267 00:13:14,280 --> 00:13:19,280 And going to be on the van were Beryl, Allan, and myself, 268 00:13:19,440 --> 00:13:21,520 Lord Woodbine, five Beatles, 269 00:13:21,520 --> 00:13:26,520 and that's John, Paul, George, Stuart Sutcliffe, 270 00:13:26,560 --> 00:13:28,080 and Pete Best. 271 00:13:28,080 --> 00:13:30,160 - [Paul] He took us in his van, first of all. 272 00:13:30,160 --> 00:13:33,920 - [Allan] Liverpool 220 miles and arrived in London. 273 00:13:33,920 --> 00:13:36,880 Directly from there to Harwich. 274 00:13:36,880 --> 00:13:39,400 Made a seven hour crossing from Harwich 275 00:13:39,400 --> 00:13:42,520 straight across the channel to Hook of Holland. 276 00:13:42,520 --> 00:13:45,120 (lively music) 277 00:13:46,720 --> 00:13:48,480 And made our way to Arnhem 278 00:13:48,480 --> 00:13:51,640 where there are hundreds or thousands of graves 279 00:13:51,640 --> 00:13:56,040 of soldiers from a famous battle in 1944. 280 00:13:57,400 --> 00:13:59,000 After we paid our respects there, 281 00:13:59,000 --> 00:14:03,320 then it was a direct route from Arnhem to Hamburg. 282 00:14:03,320 --> 00:14:05,920 (lively music) 283 00:14:13,400 --> 00:14:16,840 (lively music continues) 284 00:14:22,320 --> 00:14:23,880 - [Paul] And dropped us at the club. 285 00:14:23,880 --> 00:14:25,320 Thank you very much. 286 00:14:25,320 --> 00:14:27,920 (lively music) 287 00:14:32,800 --> 00:14:36,280 - [Allan] I think we got to Hamburg round about one o'clock 288 00:14:36,280 --> 00:14:37,720 in the morning. 289 00:14:37,720 --> 00:14:41,040 (lively music) 290 00:14:41,040 --> 00:14:43,360 - [Paul] Because we were just schoolboys. 291 00:14:43,360 --> 00:14:46,120 So we got to Hamburg, this Flesh Pot City. 292 00:14:46,120 --> 00:14:48,080 Well, we had a bit of fun. 293 00:14:48,080 --> 00:14:50,640 (lively music) 294 00:14:58,120 --> 00:15:01,560 (lively music continues) 295 00:15:01,560 --> 00:15:03,720 - You know, the first time we got into the St Pauli area, 296 00:15:03,720 --> 00:15:05,560 it was the biggest red light district in the world 297 00:15:05,560 --> 00:15:06,400 at that time. 298 00:15:06,400 --> 00:15:07,840 Another great learning curve for us. 299 00:15:07,840 --> 00:15:10,840 But that's what we wanted from rock and roll. 300 00:15:10,840 --> 00:15:14,600 (police man speaking German) 301 00:15:19,400 --> 00:15:20,880 - [George] Well, there's all the gangsters, 302 00:15:20,880 --> 00:15:22,240 and there's transvestite, 303 00:15:22,240 --> 00:15:23,360 and there's the hookers. 304 00:15:23,360 --> 00:15:24,640 It was exciting. 305 00:15:24,640 --> 00:15:26,880 - [Paul] At that time we were just kids, 306 00:15:26,880 --> 00:15:28,320 let off the leash, really. 307 00:15:28,320 --> 00:15:30,800 Come straight from Liverpool to Hamburg, 308 00:15:30,800 --> 00:15:33,440 and we were used to these Liverpool girls. 309 00:15:33,440 --> 00:15:34,640 But by the time we got to Hamburg, 310 00:15:34,640 --> 00:15:36,480 if you've got a girlfriend there, 311 00:15:36,480 --> 00:15:38,320 she's likely to be a stripper. 312 00:15:38,320 --> 00:15:40,120 They're the only kind of people who are around at the time, 313 00:15:40,120 --> 00:15:42,040 we were around late at night. 314 00:15:42,040 --> 00:15:44,720 So for someone who not really had much sex 315 00:15:44,720 --> 00:15:47,600 in their lives before, which none of us really had, 316 00:15:47,600 --> 00:15:48,840 to be suddenly involved 317 00:15:48,840 --> 00:15:52,200 with a sort of hardcore striptease artist 318 00:15:52,200 --> 00:15:55,120 who obviously knew a thing or two about sex 319 00:15:56,680 --> 00:15:58,600 was quite an eye opener. 320 00:15:58,600 --> 00:16:00,400 - [George] Everything else was such a buzz, 321 00:16:00,400 --> 00:16:01,840 you know, being right in the middle 322 00:16:01,840 --> 00:16:06,360 of the naughtiest city in the world at 17 years old, 323 00:16:06,360 --> 00:16:08,640 it was kind of exciting. 324 00:16:08,640 --> 00:16:11,400 - When we actually approached the Reeperbahn, 325 00:16:11,400 --> 00:16:13,240 that to us was like mini America 326 00:16:13,240 --> 00:16:15,960 because it was just a maze of neon lights, 327 00:16:15,960 --> 00:16:18,200 strip clubs, bars. 328 00:16:18,200 --> 00:16:21,160 And even when we turned into the Grosse Freiheit, 329 00:16:21,160 --> 00:16:22,120 that was still the same. 330 00:16:22,120 --> 00:16:25,480 We thought when we jumped out and ran down steps again 331 00:16:25,480 --> 00:16:27,840 into the Kaiserkeller we were going to be playing there, 332 00:16:27,840 --> 00:16:29,520 rearing to start. 333 00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:31,800 Koschmider who was the manager turned around and said, 334 00:16:31,800 --> 00:16:33,360 "No, you're not playing the Kaiserkeller, 335 00:16:33,360 --> 00:16:34,280 you're playing The Indra". 336 00:16:34,280 --> 00:16:36,440 There was a church. 337 00:16:36,440 --> 00:16:37,640 Everything was dark, 338 00:16:39,160 --> 00:16:41,760 a cinema at the end, the Bambi Kino, 339 00:16:41,760 --> 00:16:46,320 which ended up being our fleapit and The Indra. 340 00:16:46,320 --> 00:16:49,160 No neon lights, no noise coming from it. 341 00:16:50,080 --> 00:16:52,040 We all waltzed in there and Bruno Koschmider 342 00:16:52,040 --> 00:16:55,520 turned around and said, "This is The Indra 343 00:16:55,520 --> 00:16:57,040 and this is where you're going to play. 344 00:16:57,040 --> 00:17:00,520 You are going to turn this into another Kaiserkeller." 345 00:17:00,520 --> 00:17:02,640 - Yeah, they were five in the beginning when they came here. 346 00:17:02,640 --> 00:17:06,040 It was John, Paul, and George, Stuart Sutcliffe on bass, 347 00:17:06,040 --> 00:17:08,320 and Pete Best on drums. 348 00:17:08,320 --> 00:17:09,960 And Pete only joined the band 349 00:17:09,960 --> 00:17:11,880 two days before they came to Hamburg. 350 00:17:11,880 --> 00:17:13,480 And the only reason he was in the band 351 00:17:13,480 --> 00:17:15,400 was that he had a drum set. (laughs) 352 00:17:15,400 --> 00:17:17,960 (lively music) 353 00:17:25,040 --> 00:17:28,480 (lively music continues) 354 00:17:29,720 --> 00:17:31,240 - [Rosi] The Indra was a strip club 355 00:17:31,240 --> 00:17:35,560 and Koschmider owned that Indra club. 356 00:17:35,560 --> 00:17:40,560 He thought before somebody else does a second place, 357 00:17:41,560 --> 00:17:43,720 he would do second place. 358 00:17:43,720 --> 00:17:47,840 And so they were playing 30 minutes music 359 00:17:47,840 --> 00:17:49,960 and 30 minutes striptease. 360 00:17:49,960 --> 00:17:52,560 (lively music) 361 00:17:57,800 --> 00:18:02,040 - [Horst] The door to the Bambi Kino was that door. 362 00:18:04,160 --> 00:18:06,400 - We come to this concrete dungeon. 363 00:18:06,400 --> 00:18:10,200 And what we think is a bed, on the other side, but no light. 364 00:18:11,080 --> 00:18:12,600 That was our sleeping quarters. 365 00:18:13,480 --> 00:18:15,760 - [Paul] We stayed in this place called the Bambi Kino, 366 00:18:15,760 --> 00:18:17,960 and we had just a little room right next to the toilet. 367 00:18:17,960 --> 00:18:20,120 So it was really kind of, you know, forget it. 368 00:18:20,120 --> 00:18:22,240 I mean, they wouldn't have allowed it actually. 369 00:18:22,240 --> 00:18:25,360 We used to sleep under this Union Jack flag, 370 00:18:25,360 --> 00:18:26,800 you know, because it was cold. 371 00:18:26,800 --> 00:18:28,240 There was no heating. 372 00:18:28,240 --> 00:18:31,000 And this is winter in Germany. 373 00:18:31,000 --> 00:18:35,120 - And they stayed there like tramps, you know? 374 00:18:35,120 --> 00:18:36,840 And when I think about it, 375 00:18:36,840 --> 00:18:39,520 I still get mad to this Koschmider bastard. 376 00:18:39,520 --> 00:18:42,120 (lively music) 377 00:18:46,040 --> 00:18:49,280 - When I met The Beatles the first time, 378 00:18:50,080 --> 00:18:52,960 I was still a barmaid in the Kaiserkeller 379 00:18:52,960 --> 00:18:56,800 and I went to The Indra because people were saying, 380 00:18:56,800 --> 00:19:00,960 "Oh, they are so nice and they look nice." 381 00:19:00,960 --> 00:19:02,480 And so all these young girls 382 00:19:02,480 --> 00:19:04,920 and when I went there and I thought, 383 00:19:04,920 --> 00:19:08,080 "Well, good looking guys." 384 00:19:08,080 --> 00:19:13,080 But with the music that wasn't so good then. 385 00:19:13,480 --> 00:19:18,480 George was only 17 and the others not much older. 386 00:19:18,760 --> 00:19:23,360 They didn't have so much experience then. 387 00:19:23,360 --> 00:19:25,360 - [Paul] Yeah, so that first time we went out there, 388 00:19:25,360 --> 00:19:28,040 we played at The Indra and what happened was 389 00:19:28,040 --> 00:19:31,040 we were thrown in the deep end in Hamburg. 390 00:19:31,040 --> 00:19:32,720 There'd be no one in the club. 391 00:19:32,720 --> 00:19:34,840 ♪ Roll it over ♪ 392 00:19:34,840 --> 00:19:36,200 You played quite long hours. 393 00:19:36,200 --> 00:19:38,720 Some nights you do 8 hours, you know? 394 00:19:38,720 --> 00:19:42,560 So we learned a lot of stagecraft 395 00:19:42,560 --> 00:19:44,880 in getting people in and we gradually did, 396 00:19:44,880 --> 00:19:46,080 you know, we'd learn tricks. 397 00:19:46,080 --> 00:19:48,120 - [George] I think that's where we found our style. 398 00:19:48,120 --> 00:19:49,200 We developed our style 399 00:19:49,200 --> 00:19:52,720 because of this fellow there he used to say, 400 00:19:52,720 --> 00:19:55,800 "You've got to make a show for the people." 401 00:19:55,800 --> 00:19:57,200 He used to come up every night shouting, 402 00:19:57,200 --> 00:19:58,880 "Mach schau." 403 00:19:58,880 --> 00:20:02,200 So we used to mach schau and John used to dance around 404 00:20:02,200 --> 00:20:03,800 like a gorilla. 405 00:20:03,800 --> 00:20:06,560 ♪ Roll over Beethoven ♪ 406 00:20:06,560 --> 00:20:09,120 ♪ Roll over Beethoven ♪ 407 00:20:09,120 --> 00:20:10,480 - [Paul] We had these purple jackets 408 00:20:10,480 --> 00:20:12,280 that I had made up by Mr. Richards. 409 00:20:12,280 --> 00:20:14,600 Used to live next door to us who was a tailor. 410 00:20:14,600 --> 00:20:16,520 And I bought the material. 411 00:20:16,520 --> 00:20:20,000 Black jeans and like winkle picker shoes, 412 00:20:20,000 --> 00:20:22,560 which really seemed amazing at the time. 413 00:20:22,560 --> 00:20:23,400 And all the waiters there, 414 00:20:23,400 --> 00:20:25,200 "Where you get your shoes please? 415 00:20:25,200 --> 00:20:26,320 You send me some." 416 00:20:26,320 --> 00:20:28,920 - [Rosi] This is what happens very quickly. 417 00:20:28,920 --> 00:20:31,840 That first of all, nobody knew. 418 00:20:31,840 --> 00:20:36,840 But then by talking after a week or even 14 days, 419 00:20:37,000 --> 00:20:39,000 the place was crowded. 420 00:20:39,000 --> 00:20:41,440 (lively music) 421 00:20:41,440 --> 00:20:44,080 (crowd cheering) 422 00:20:44,080 --> 00:20:45,920 - There were complaints from the neighbors 423 00:20:45,920 --> 00:20:46,800 that it was too loud. 424 00:20:46,800 --> 00:20:48,080 And then after six weeks, 425 00:20:48,080 --> 00:20:50,480 live music wasn't allowed here anymore. 426 00:20:50,480 --> 00:20:52,160 Bruno Koschmider then said, 427 00:20:52,160 --> 00:20:55,960 "Okay, now you can come to my bigger club." 428 00:20:55,960 --> 00:20:58,360 His first club, at the Kaiserkeller. 429 00:20:58,360 --> 00:21:00,920 (lively music) 430 00:21:05,320 --> 00:21:06,600 - [Paul] After The Indra, 431 00:21:06,600 --> 00:21:10,880 we moved along to another club called the Kaiserkeller 432 00:21:10,880 --> 00:21:13,280 which means the King's Cellar. 433 00:21:13,280 --> 00:21:14,960 So we had to do the whole thing over again. 434 00:21:14,960 --> 00:21:16,560 Then we had to build up our audience there, 435 00:21:16,560 --> 00:21:17,440 and it was a bigger club. 436 00:21:17,440 --> 00:21:19,120 So you had to build more people. 437 00:21:19,120 --> 00:21:20,960 - Bruno Koschmider, 438 00:21:20,960 --> 00:21:25,360 I think that he was a tragic figure. 439 00:21:25,360 --> 00:21:27,920 He was gay or queer man. 440 00:21:27,920 --> 00:21:30,240 How do you say it now, I don't know? 441 00:21:30,240 --> 00:21:34,480 And that was forbidden then, 442 00:21:34,480 --> 00:21:37,000 you know, to go in jail. 443 00:21:37,000 --> 00:21:40,240 He wasn't such a happy person, 444 00:21:40,240 --> 00:21:42,880 but he had these ideas 445 00:21:42,880 --> 00:21:47,440 with open the first place for the youth, 446 00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:48,400 the Kaiserkeller. 447 00:21:48,400 --> 00:21:51,280 This is what Bruno Koschmider does. 448 00:21:51,280 --> 00:21:54,920 - [Horst] Koschmider he was a disabled person. 449 00:21:55,840 --> 00:21:56,680 He had a stiff leg. 450 00:21:57,760 --> 00:22:01,440 But also he had always a chair leg. 451 00:22:01,440 --> 00:22:04,920 Here where he had his stiff leg to hit people on the head. 452 00:22:04,920 --> 00:22:07,440 (lively music) 453 00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:08,280 - [Reporter 4] And it's here 454 00:22:08,280 --> 00:22:10,760 along one of the most celebrated streets in the world 455 00:22:10,760 --> 00:22:12,360 that the sailors make their way 456 00:22:12,360 --> 00:22:15,440 in search of the lurid pleasures of Hamburg's nightlife 457 00:22:15,440 --> 00:22:17,160 on the Reeperbahn. 458 00:22:17,160 --> 00:22:20,080 - [Paul] In Grosse Freiheit, which is a street 459 00:22:20,080 --> 00:22:21,440 just off the Reeperbahn, 460 00:22:21,440 --> 00:22:24,160 probably the toughest area in Hamburg. 461 00:22:24,160 --> 00:22:26,760 (lively music) 462 00:22:27,600 --> 00:22:31,640 - [Rosi] This was a time when the fist was the law. 463 00:22:31,640 --> 00:22:34,200 (lively music) 464 00:22:40,800 --> 00:22:44,040 The gangsters all get together 465 00:22:44,040 --> 00:22:47,760 and you couldn't do anything in St Pauli club owner. 466 00:22:47,760 --> 00:22:50,960 - Because every club along the Grosse Freiheit 467 00:22:50,960 --> 00:22:52,400 had a porter. 468 00:22:52,400 --> 00:22:55,200 Really, in uniform with the hat and all that. 469 00:22:55,200 --> 00:22:58,960 And they were the information system. 470 00:22:58,960 --> 00:23:01,640 (lively music) 471 00:23:01,640 --> 00:23:04,480 - The first don here was Paul Hen Mueller 472 00:23:04,480 --> 00:23:06,520 and his Black Gang. 473 00:23:06,520 --> 00:23:08,880 Horst Fascher was in that Black Gang. 474 00:23:08,880 --> 00:23:10,440 (lively music) 475 00:23:10,440 --> 00:23:12,760 - [Gibson] No one would go against the system 476 00:23:12,760 --> 00:23:15,480 and if they did, they didn't last very long. 477 00:23:16,560 --> 00:23:18,840 - [Howie] But you're dealing with gangsters here, you know? 478 00:23:18,840 --> 00:23:21,160 (lively music) 479 00:23:21,160 --> 00:23:22,760 You find yourself in the Elbe. 480 00:23:22,760 --> 00:23:25,840 (water splashing) (lively music) 481 00:23:25,840 --> 00:23:29,440 And especially they like show biz and music 482 00:23:29,440 --> 00:23:30,560 and that type of thing. 483 00:23:30,560 --> 00:23:32,520 That's why a lot of them open clubs. 484 00:23:32,520 --> 00:23:35,080 (lively music) 485 00:23:36,160 --> 00:23:40,280 - [Rosi] After the war, it was the big thing boxing. 486 00:23:40,280 --> 00:23:43,920 They were the waiters in the Kaiserkeller. 487 00:23:43,920 --> 00:23:47,240 And later on in the Star Club as well. 488 00:23:47,240 --> 00:23:51,400 - So these are hard case gangsters, you know? 489 00:23:51,400 --> 00:23:52,840 But they were fine with us 490 00:23:52,840 --> 00:23:55,480 because when you were there, you're under their protection. 491 00:23:55,480 --> 00:23:59,080 - We were told when we got into any sort of bother 492 00:23:59,080 --> 00:24:01,800 to mention the word 'Capella' meaning band, 493 00:24:01,800 --> 00:24:05,200 and we would be protected. 494 00:24:05,200 --> 00:24:07,800 (lively music) 495 00:24:10,400 --> 00:24:12,720 (no audio) 496 00:24:12,720 --> 00:24:15,320 (lively music) 497 00:24:18,840 --> 00:24:20,080 - And here right behind me, 498 00:24:20,080 --> 00:24:23,040 we have a print of the original poster 499 00:24:23,040 --> 00:24:25,360 that announced The Beatles in 1960. 500 00:24:25,360 --> 00:24:26,560 The funny thing is, of course, 501 00:24:26,560 --> 00:24:28,680 The Beatles are second on the bill. 502 00:24:28,680 --> 00:24:31,880 The big name was this other band from Liverpool, 503 00:24:31,880 --> 00:24:33,880 Rory Storm and the Hurricanes. 504 00:24:33,880 --> 00:24:36,360 And they are very important in Beatles history 505 00:24:36,360 --> 00:24:39,760 because the drummer of Rory Storm's band was Ringo Starr. 506 00:24:39,760 --> 00:24:41,640 So they met Ringo here. 507 00:24:41,640 --> 00:24:44,240 (lively music) 508 00:24:45,840 --> 00:24:49,240 - The Reeperbahn definitely was not a place 509 00:24:49,240 --> 00:24:51,120 for Hamburg youth. 510 00:24:51,120 --> 00:24:55,080 Hamburg youth were not allowed by their parents 511 00:24:55,080 --> 00:24:56,440 to even go there. 512 00:24:56,440 --> 00:24:57,960 - [Astrid] Because the Reeperbahn 513 00:24:57,960 --> 00:25:02,960 is not a place where young ladies in the fifties or sixties 514 00:25:03,160 --> 00:25:05,240 were to be seen or go there. 515 00:25:05,240 --> 00:25:08,560 You know, it was not a nice place to go. 516 00:25:08,560 --> 00:25:13,360 - So I knew pretty much all extraordinary people in Hamburg, 517 00:25:13,360 --> 00:25:17,840 artistic types, which were called Existentialists. 518 00:25:17,840 --> 00:25:19,720 Exies they were actually called. 519 00:25:19,720 --> 00:25:22,520 And our biggest enemies were rockers. 520 00:25:22,520 --> 00:25:24,160 - By the end of the fifties, 521 00:25:24,160 --> 00:25:27,840 fights in Hamburg between the Exies and the Rockers. 522 00:25:27,840 --> 00:25:29,520 - [Jurgen] I went to Art School, 523 00:25:29,520 --> 00:25:32,680 and that's where I met Klaus and Astrid. 524 00:25:32,680 --> 00:25:34,280 - [Astrid] The first time I met The Beatles 525 00:25:34,280 --> 00:25:38,080 was through my former boyfriend, Klaus Voormann, 526 00:25:38,080 --> 00:25:43,040 who saw them one night when he was wandering around Hamburg. 527 00:25:43,040 --> 00:25:45,720 (lively music) 528 00:25:47,160 --> 00:25:50,360 Then he heard this beautiful sound of rock and roll music, 529 00:25:50,360 --> 00:25:54,160 and he went down into a quite dark, 530 00:25:54,160 --> 00:25:57,480 filthy cellar where these boys were standing 531 00:25:57,480 --> 00:25:59,920 on a very, very tiny stage 532 00:25:59,920 --> 00:26:04,920 and performed in such way that he was absolutely, 533 00:26:05,120 --> 00:26:07,360 let's call it knocked out. 534 00:26:07,360 --> 00:26:08,560 - And he told us about it, 535 00:26:08,560 --> 00:26:11,360 he was so enthusiastic and but we were afraid to go there, 536 00:26:11,360 --> 00:26:12,960 you know, but he convinced us to go there. 537 00:26:12,960 --> 00:26:15,800 So the next day we three went there. 538 00:26:15,800 --> 00:26:17,360 - [Astrid] When I went down the stairs 539 00:26:17,360 --> 00:26:18,880 and looked at the stage, 540 00:26:18,880 --> 00:26:23,520 I was just amazed how beautiful these boys looked 541 00:26:23,520 --> 00:26:26,040 and being a photographer then 542 00:26:26,040 --> 00:26:28,520 it was a photographer's dream. 543 00:26:28,520 --> 00:26:31,720 - [Paul] And it was Astrid, Astrid Kirchherr, 544 00:26:31,720 --> 00:26:33,360 who Stu was to fall in love with, 545 00:26:33,360 --> 00:26:37,600 and she was to fall in love with Stu and Jurgen and Klaus. 546 00:26:37,600 --> 00:26:39,760 As I recall, it was the three of them the first night. 547 00:26:39,760 --> 00:26:41,760 And they looked so cool. 548 00:26:41,760 --> 00:26:43,440 - [Astrid] After that first night, 549 00:26:44,800 --> 00:26:47,880 I went nearly every night to see them. 550 00:26:47,880 --> 00:26:49,360 And that's how it started. 551 00:26:49,360 --> 00:26:52,040 (lively music) 552 00:26:54,280 --> 00:26:56,080 - [Paul] The first promoter that we'd had 553 00:26:56,080 --> 00:26:57,520 at The Indra and the Kaiserkeller, 554 00:26:57,520 --> 00:26:59,040 Bruno Koschmider, 555 00:26:59,040 --> 00:27:00,760 we stopped working for him 556 00:27:00,760 --> 00:27:03,720 and went to work for another fella up the road. 557 00:27:03,720 --> 00:27:05,480 - Basically what happened was we found out Sheridan 558 00:27:05,480 --> 00:27:07,360 was playing at the Top Ten. 559 00:27:07,360 --> 00:27:09,040 We went there. 560 00:27:09,040 --> 00:27:11,240 Eckhorn realized we were The Beatles 561 00:27:11,240 --> 00:27:14,640 who were pulling the crowds from the Top Ten 562 00:27:14,640 --> 00:27:16,280 around the corner into the Grosse Freiheit. 563 00:27:16,280 --> 00:27:18,320 (lively music) 564 00:27:18,320 --> 00:27:22,160 He said, I want you to play at the Top Ten with Sheridan. 565 00:27:23,080 --> 00:27:26,440 Koschmider turned round and said, not mincing his words, 566 00:27:26,440 --> 00:27:27,880 "If you played the Top Ten Club, 567 00:27:27,880 --> 00:27:30,920 you will not work Germany ever again." 568 00:27:30,920 --> 00:27:32,880 So typical of us, we turned round and said 569 00:27:32,880 --> 00:27:35,120 "And you as well." 570 00:27:35,120 --> 00:27:37,720 - [Rosi] And when they played the first night 571 00:27:37,720 --> 00:27:39,960 in the Top Ten Club, 572 00:27:39,960 --> 00:27:43,160 Bruno Koschmider went to the police. 573 00:27:43,160 --> 00:27:45,120 You know, for George, it was different. 574 00:27:45,120 --> 00:27:47,840 He was only 17 then. 575 00:27:47,840 --> 00:27:49,080 - [Paul] When we were actually 576 00:27:49,080 --> 00:27:53,080 going to move out of our old digs, me and Pete Best, 577 00:27:53,080 --> 00:27:55,120 we nailed something up to the wall, like I don't know. 578 00:27:55,120 --> 00:27:56,040 And we set fire to it. 579 00:27:56,040 --> 00:27:57,760 - [Pete] There were no lights. 580 00:27:57,760 --> 00:28:00,440 And we had some rubbers with us, condoms. 581 00:28:00,440 --> 00:28:02,680 We stuck the rubbers on the wall. 582 00:28:02,680 --> 00:28:03,520 Lit them. 583 00:28:03,520 --> 00:28:05,200 It was to give us light. 584 00:28:05,200 --> 00:28:08,000 - [Paul] Literally there was about six inches around, 585 00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:10,720 black scorched around this nail where we burnt this thing. 586 00:28:10,720 --> 00:28:12,400 It was a kind of defiant act, you know, 587 00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:14,160 the bad conditions we had. 588 00:28:14,160 --> 00:28:17,120 (siren blaring) 589 00:28:17,120 --> 00:28:20,040 (tires screeching) 590 00:28:21,120 --> 00:28:23,920 (door thuds) 591 00:28:23,920 --> 00:28:25,240 - [Pete] Six o'clock in the morning 592 00:28:25,240 --> 00:28:27,880 woken up by two German policemen 593 00:28:27,880 --> 00:28:30,320 and yanked off to Davidstrasse police station. 594 00:28:31,160 --> 00:28:32,600 And then when we got charged, 595 00:28:33,960 --> 00:28:35,640 they said, we're going to deport you. 596 00:28:37,440 --> 00:28:40,280 (plane whirring) 597 00:28:41,200 --> 00:28:43,360 You know, handcuffed to one another, 598 00:28:43,360 --> 00:28:45,640 dragged onto the plane like convicts. 599 00:28:45,640 --> 00:28:48,400 Everyone looking at us, sitting on the plane, 600 00:28:48,400 --> 00:28:50,400 and you're never coming back to Germany. 601 00:28:52,040 --> 00:28:54,600 (lively music) 602 00:29:02,080 --> 00:29:03,560 (lively music continues) 603 00:29:03,560 --> 00:29:06,160 - [Paul] Sometimes we used to play about an eight hour day, 604 00:29:06,160 --> 00:29:09,560 but at the time it wasted us and totally kinda wrecked us. 605 00:29:09,560 --> 00:29:11,320 And I remember getting home to England. 606 00:29:11,320 --> 00:29:13,000 My dad really thought I was half dead, you know, 607 00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:14,680 I must have looked like a skeleton. 608 00:29:14,680 --> 00:29:16,000 But I hadn't noticed the change. 609 00:29:16,000 --> 00:29:17,320 I was just having such a ball, 610 00:29:17,320 --> 00:29:19,440 you know, staying up late for a young kid. 611 00:29:19,440 --> 00:29:21,040 - [George] Anyway, we got back to Liverpool 612 00:29:21,040 --> 00:29:22,840 and all the groups there were doing 613 00:29:22,840 --> 00:29:27,280 this sort of Shadows type of stuff, 614 00:29:27,280 --> 00:29:31,120 and we came back leather jackets and jeans. 615 00:29:32,080 --> 00:29:33,720 Funny hair. 616 00:29:33,720 --> 00:29:38,720 'Maching Schau'. (lively music) 617 00:29:41,840 --> 00:29:45,240 - Stuart had elected to stay in Hamburg with Astrid, 618 00:29:45,240 --> 00:29:47,400 so the rest of the guys came back 619 00:29:47,400 --> 00:29:48,800 and they needed a bass player. 620 00:29:48,800 --> 00:29:51,480 (lively music) 621 00:29:52,720 --> 00:29:56,280 - On the 27th of December 1960, 622 00:29:56,280 --> 00:29:58,200 I was at Litherland Town Hall 623 00:29:58,200 --> 00:30:01,600 and saw for myself The Beatles. 624 00:30:01,600 --> 00:30:03,400 (lively music) 625 00:30:03,400 --> 00:30:05,240 - [Paul] We came back and people in Liverpool 626 00:30:05,240 --> 00:30:06,360 thought we were German 627 00:30:07,600 --> 00:30:09,280 because in one of the adverts it said, 628 00:30:09,280 --> 00:30:11,560 "Direct from Hamburg, The Beatles." 629 00:30:11,560 --> 00:30:14,200 So a lot of the girls came there and said, 630 00:30:14,200 --> 00:30:15,040 you know they said. 631 00:30:15,040 --> 00:30:17,560 (speaking German) 632 00:30:17,560 --> 00:30:19,240 We're from here, don't worry. 633 00:30:20,560 --> 00:30:22,840 - But the show was just wild, 634 00:30:22,840 --> 00:30:26,440 totally different from what other bands were doing. 635 00:30:26,440 --> 00:30:28,160 All the amps were on 11. 636 00:30:28,160 --> 00:30:30,160 - [Dave] They were all in jeans and leathers. 637 00:30:30,160 --> 00:30:33,160 Jeans were never allowed in the dance halls in those days. 638 00:30:33,160 --> 00:30:35,520 In actual fact, a lot of the dance halls you couldn't get in 639 00:30:35,520 --> 00:30:36,920 unless you have a tie. 640 00:30:36,920 --> 00:30:39,600 (lively music) 641 00:30:41,240 --> 00:30:44,440 - When they saw these five guys stamping on the ground 642 00:30:44,440 --> 00:30:47,120 or kicking all sorts out of the amplifiers, 643 00:30:47,120 --> 00:30:48,920 shouting in the background. 644 00:30:48,920 --> 00:30:52,360 They were going to be the reincarnations of the early Elvis 645 00:30:52,360 --> 00:30:54,800 or James Dean or something like that. 646 00:30:54,800 --> 00:30:56,880 They wanted to go back to the beginning. 647 00:30:56,880 --> 00:30:59,440 (lively music) 648 00:31:05,880 --> 00:31:09,480 (lively music continues) 649 00:31:14,960 --> 00:31:18,160 - So we're here right at the famous Reeperbahn, 650 00:31:18,160 --> 00:31:20,880 the main street here in St Pauli. 651 00:31:20,880 --> 00:31:23,920 And right on the other side of the street over there 652 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:25,720 is the former Top Ten Club. 653 00:31:27,400 --> 00:31:29,520 - [Reporter 5] The Top Ten was started by Peter Eckhorn, 654 00:31:29,520 --> 00:31:31,840 a young Hamburger four years ago. 655 00:31:31,840 --> 00:31:34,000 Before he took over it used to be a nightclub 656 00:31:34,000 --> 00:31:35,760 where customers could ride on horseback 657 00:31:35,760 --> 00:31:38,040 in a ring in the middle of the floor. 658 00:31:38,040 --> 00:31:42,560 - [Ulf] And his father ran a Hippodrome on Reeperbahn. 659 00:31:42,560 --> 00:31:47,560 He asked his father if he could convert that Hippodrome 660 00:31:47,840 --> 00:31:49,120 into a rock and roll club. 661 00:31:49,120 --> 00:31:51,600 - [George] We first went to a place called The Indra, 662 00:31:51,600 --> 00:31:53,640 which was shut down, and then we went to the Kaiserkeller 663 00:31:53,640 --> 00:31:55,640 and then we went to the Top Ten, 664 00:31:55,640 --> 00:31:58,360 which is probably the best one on the Reeperbahn. 665 00:31:58,360 --> 00:31:59,200 And it was really, 666 00:31:59,200 --> 00:32:00,640 at that time it was fantastic. 667 00:32:00,640 --> 00:32:02,200 Echo on the microphone. 668 00:32:02,200 --> 00:32:04,920 You know, it was really a gas. 669 00:32:04,920 --> 00:32:07,000 - They lived on top of the building. 670 00:32:07,000 --> 00:32:10,480 They lived under the roof in a small room. 671 00:32:10,480 --> 00:32:12,280 This is where John, Paul, and George 672 00:32:12,280 --> 00:32:15,560 showed their complete Hamburg rocker outfits 673 00:32:15,560 --> 00:32:19,840 with black leather suits and gold and silver cowboy boots. 674 00:32:19,840 --> 00:32:22,160 They were the band of Tony Sheridan there. 675 00:32:22,160 --> 00:32:23,840 So Tony was the big star. 676 00:32:23,840 --> 00:32:25,240 The Beatles were his band. 677 00:32:25,240 --> 00:32:28,000 It was their second engagement in Hamburg. 678 00:32:28,000 --> 00:32:31,720 They played there for 92 nights in a row 679 00:32:31,720 --> 00:32:33,040 at the Top Ten Club. 680 00:32:33,040 --> 00:32:35,640 (lively music) 681 00:32:35,640 --> 00:32:36,760 ♪ Every day ♪ 682 00:32:36,760 --> 00:32:37,720 ♪ Everywhere ♪ 683 00:32:37,720 --> 00:32:39,760 ♪ I know that love is there to stay ♪ 684 00:32:39,760 --> 00:32:41,360 ♪ 'Cause I like it ♪ 685 00:32:41,360 --> 00:32:44,800 ♪ Woo, I like it ♪ 686 00:32:44,800 --> 00:32:47,280 - [Paul] Tony was the sort of star. 687 00:32:47,280 --> 00:32:49,600 He'd been in Germany quite a while, 688 00:32:49,600 --> 00:32:51,120 and he was very well known 689 00:32:51,120 --> 00:32:52,880 and he could speak very good German. 690 00:32:52,880 --> 00:32:54,560 - [Pete] So of course when we out to Germany, 691 00:32:54,560 --> 00:32:55,840 we were at the Top Ten Club. 692 00:32:55,840 --> 00:32:58,360 There's another of our idols from the television. 693 00:32:58,360 --> 00:32:59,360 English rock and roll. 694 00:32:59,360 --> 00:33:01,080 You don't see many of them. 695 00:33:01,080 --> 00:33:04,960 - I was with Tony when Tony was at the Kaiserkeller. 696 00:33:04,960 --> 00:33:08,880 After 14 days, Tony and me, 697 00:33:08,880 --> 00:33:11,800 we knew we were getting married. 698 00:33:13,160 --> 00:33:15,040 - [Ulf] Tony Sheridan from my point of view, 699 00:33:15,040 --> 00:33:17,480 was the musical king of St Pauli. 700 00:33:17,480 --> 00:33:20,160 (lively music) 701 00:33:22,480 --> 00:33:27,480 And everybody wanted to be like Tony, even The Beatles. 702 00:33:27,680 --> 00:33:32,680 The young English musicians used to call him 'The Teacher'. 703 00:33:32,920 --> 00:33:36,960 - I mean, for three months, every night, 8 hours, 704 00:33:36,960 --> 00:33:38,760 C, C Paul C, 705 00:33:38,760 --> 00:33:42,080 or a B-flat, B-flat, or an E minor. 706 00:33:42,080 --> 00:33:44,200 - In their early recordings 707 00:33:44,200 --> 00:33:46,400 when George was really young, 708 00:33:46,400 --> 00:33:50,400 you can find a lot of licks Tony played before. 709 00:33:50,400 --> 00:33:52,960 (lively music) 710 00:33:56,400 --> 00:33:59,080 (lively music) 711 00:34:06,480 --> 00:34:10,240 So many hours a night, day after day or night after night. 712 00:34:10,240 --> 00:34:11,440 That's horrible. 713 00:34:11,440 --> 00:34:16,440 But it taught them to entertain people and to survive. 714 00:34:17,040 --> 00:34:19,960 - [George] And we got very good as a band 715 00:34:19,960 --> 00:34:22,360 because we had to play 8 hours a night. 716 00:34:22,360 --> 00:34:23,880 - [Paul] What you'd have was you'd have the fellows 717 00:34:23,880 --> 00:34:25,440 who owned the clubs, 718 00:34:25,440 --> 00:34:27,400 would have what they called 'Prellie'. 719 00:34:27,400 --> 00:34:30,200 It was Preludine, which was a slimming tablet. 720 00:34:31,240 --> 00:34:33,800 You know, and so that got everyone talking a lot. 721 00:34:36,440 --> 00:34:37,840 Oh they're great these aren't they? 722 00:34:38,760 --> 00:34:40,360 - [John] The only way to survive in Hamburg, 723 00:34:40,360 --> 00:34:42,280 to play 8 hours a night was to take pills. 724 00:34:42,280 --> 00:34:43,560 The waiters gave you them. 725 00:34:43,560 --> 00:34:44,680 Pills and drink. 726 00:34:44,680 --> 00:34:47,120 - You take three or four on a Friday 727 00:34:47,120 --> 00:34:49,560 and go to sleep on Tuesday. 728 00:34:49,560 --> 00:34:51,840 - [John] I've always needed a drug to survive. 729 00:34:53,040 --> 00:34:54,520 You know, and the others too. 730 00:34:54,520 --> 00:34:55,800 But I always had more, you know? 731 00:34:55,800 --> 00:34:58,280 I always took more pills and more of everything 732 00:34:58,280 --> 00:35:00,120 because I'm more crazy. 733 00:35:00,120 --> 00:35:02,680 I mean, like in Hamburg, I used to sleep on stage. 734 00:35:02,680 --> 00:35:03,880 We used to eat on stage. 735 00:35:03,880 --> 00:35:04,920 We used to swear onstage. 736 00:35:04,920 --> 00:35:07,160 We were absolutely 'au naturale'. 737 00:35:07,160 --> 00:35:09,840 (lively music) 738 00:35:09,840 --> 00:35:12,280 - [Paul] We were always searching B-sides of records 739 00:35:12,280 --> 00:35:13,800 for sort of odd little things. 740 00:35:13,800 --> 00:35:16,760 We'd come on with slightly more RandB stuff. 741 00:35:16,760 --> 00:35:18,840 - They were a cover band. 742 00:35:18,840 --> 00:35:20,600 We were all American cover bands. 743 00:35:20,600 --> 00:35:23,320 (lively music) 744 00:35:23,320 --> 00:35:25,000 - [George] We used to do all those Barrett Strong, 745 00:35:25,000 --> 00:35:27,760 you know, Money and all the sort of tunes 746 00:35:27,760 --> 00:35:29,960 that weren't popular particularly, 747 00:35:29,960 --> 00:35:32,920 but were quite heavy and all the Chuck Berry, 748 00:35:32,920 --> 00:35:34,800 Little Richard, all the rock and roll things. 749 00:35:34,800 --> 00:35:36,400 - Yeah. - And we just kept doing that 750 00:35:36,400 --> 00:35:39,400 when that sort of period had died out. 751 00:35:39,400 --> 00:35:42,040 - And you could feel when they rehearsed or something 752 00:35:42,040 --> 00:35:44,240 that they were very eager 753 00:35:44,240 --> 00:35:47,040 and they wanted to do it really as good as possible. 754 00:35:47,040 --> 00:35:48,880 Paul was getting very angry 755 00:35:48,880 --> 00:35:51,040 if Stuart played a wrong bass note. 756 00:35:51,040 --> 00:35:53,800 Or somebody made a mistake and played a wrong chord, 757 00:35:53,800 --> 00:35:55,520 he got very pissed off 758 00:35:55,520 --> 00:35:58,480 - [Paul] As I say, I did like Stu a lot, but we had tussles. 759 00:35:58,480 --> 00:36:01,600 I mean it even came to an onstage tussle. 760 00:36:01,600 --> 00:36:05,240 It was actually more locked in a deadly embrace 761 00:36:05,240 --> 00:36:07,240 than anything because we wouldn't let each other go 762 00:36:07,240 --> 00:36:08,320 to sort of punch. 763 00:36:08,320 --> 00:36:10,520 And all the old German, 'cause the gangsters 764 00:36:10,520 --> 00:36:12,200 were like laughing at us, you know? 765 00:36:12,200 --> 00:36:15,040 - He got a scholarship in Germany, 766 00:36:15,040 --> 00:36:17,200 which was very rarely done then 767 00:36:17,200 --> 00:36:20,800 for a not-German person. 768 00:36:21,960 --> 00:36:24,880 That is why he left The Beatles then 769 00:36:24,880 --> 00:36:29,880 to become a student of the College of Art in Hamburg. 770 00:36:30,320 --> 00:36:33,760 (lively music) 771 00:36:33,760 --> 00:36:37,640 - [Paul] So the group was going to continue minus Stu. 772 00:36:37,640 --> 00:36:39,080 And that just became a reality. 773 00:36:39,080 --> 00:36:43,160 And they kind of voted me as the bass player. 774 00:36:43,160 --> 00:36:45,000 So I just started to learn bass, really. 775 00:36:45,000 --> 00:36:48,240 And then I got my own, what became the Beatle bass. 776 00:36:48,240 --> 00:36:49,480 I bought that in Hamburg. 777 00:36:49,480 --> 00:36:52,360 It was a little Hofner violin bass. 778 00:36:52,360 --> 00:36:54,800 (lively music) 779 00:36:54,800 --> 00:36:59,760 ♪ My Bonnie lies over the ocean ♪ 780 00:36:59,760 --> 00:37:03,520 ♪ My Bonnie lies over the sea ♪ 781 00:37:03,520 --> 00:37:06,480 - [George] So the second time we went back when I was 18, 782 00:37:06,480 --> 00:37:08,560 that's when we were backing up Tony Sheridan. 783 00:37:08,560 --> 00:37:12,400 And at that point this fella came into the club, 784 00:37:12,400 --> 00:37:15,960 this famous record producer and musician. 785 00:37:15,960 --> 00:37:17,480 He was called Bert Kaempfert. 786 00:37:18,560 --> 00:37:22,120 And his claim to fame was he had a number one hit 787 00:37:22,120 --> 00:37:25,160 in America, Wonderland by Night. 788 00:37:26,480 --> 00:37:28,440 And I remember this buzz went around. 789 00:37:28,440 --> 00:37:29,320 We've got to be good. 790 00:37:29,320 --> 00:37:30,160 Play really good. 791 00:37:30,160 --> 00:37:31,920 We may get a chance to record. 792 00:37:33,280 --> 00:37:35,960 - [Paul] One night Bert Kaempfert was in there 793 00:37:35,960 --> 00:37:36,880 and he liked us. 794 00:37:36,880 --> 00:37:39,440 So he had a recording studio and we went down 795 00:37:39,440 --> 00:37:42,520 to this big barn of a place, like a big gymnasium. 796 00:37:42,520 --> 00:37:44,800 It was called Tony Sheridan and the Beat Boys, 797 00:37:44,800 --> 00:37:47,160 they didn't like the name Beatles, 798 00:37:47,160 --> 00:37:49,360 and we recorded a couple of titles, 799 00:37:49,360 --> 00:37:50,800 one of which was My Bonnie. 800 00:37:50,800 --> 00:37:52,360 That was the one they liked. 801 00:37:52,360 --> 00:37:57,320 ♪ My Bonnie lies over the ocean ♪ 802 00:37:57,320 --> 00:38:01,480 ♪ My Bonnie lies over the sea ♪ 803 00:38:01,480 --> 00:38:06,480 ♪ Well, my Bonnie lies over the ocean ♪ 804 00:38:08,320 --> 00:38:11,920 ♪ Bring back my Bonnie to me ♪ 805 00:38:11,920 --> 00:38:15,200 - [Paul] Because Brian's dad owned a shop called NEMS, 806 00:38:15,200 --> 00:38:17,160 North End Music Stores. 807 00:38:17,160 --> 00:38:20,680 So the only record was this one, My Bonnie, 808 00:38:20,680 --> 00:38:22,520 which a fellow went in and asked for it 809 00:38:22,520 --> 00:38:25,040 at Brian's record shop, and Brian hadn't heard of it. 810 00:38:25,040 --> 00:38:27,760 - [Brian] I assumed for some reason that they were 811 00:38:27,760 --> 00:38:28,800 from Germany. 812 00:38:28,800 --> 00:38:30,400 Anyway, he told me that they were a Liverpool group 813 00:38:30,400 --> 00:38:33,600 and they just in fact returned from Germany 814 00:38:33,600 --> 00:38:36,960 and that they were playing in a club called The Cavern. 815 00:38:36,960 --> 00:38:38,760 About 100 yards away from my office. 816 00:38:38,760 --> 00:38:41,400 (lively music) 817 00:38:46,680 --> 00:38:48,520 - After their second visit to Hamburg, 818 00:38:48,520 --> 00:38:51,520 and they returned to Liverpool in the July of '61, 819 00:38:51,520 --> 00:38:54,360 the transformation was unbelievable. 820 00:38:54,360 --> 00:38:57,120 They were dressed from head to toe in black leather, 821 00:38:57,120 --> 00:39:00,720 black leather jackets, black leather trousers, 822 00:39:00,720 --> 00:39:02,760 black Cuban heeled boots. 823 00:39:02,760 --> 00:39:06,240 But their harmonies were exceptional. 824 00:39:06,240 --> 00:39:08,800 It was like a private party every time they played 825 00:39:08,800 --> 00:39:10,840 because of the close proximity 826 00:39:10,840 --> 00:39:13,040 from the audience to the stage. 827 00:39:13,040 --> 00:39:15,800 - [Paul] Because we were building a lot of public attention, 828 00:39:15,800 --> 00:39:16,760 you couldn't miss it. 829 00:39:16,760 --> 00:39:18,280 I mean, when Brian found us, 830 00:39:18,280 --> 00:39:20,680 we were very hot in The Cavern. 831 00:39:20,680 --> 00:39:22,760 We were pulling big audiences in. 832 00:39:22,760 --> 00:39:24,160 - We knew who Brian was 833 00:39:24,160 --> 00:39:26,680 because we bought all our records from him. 834 00:39:26,680 --> 00:39:31,280 He was impeccably groomed, well-spoken, well-dressed. 835 00:39:31,280 --> 00:39:34,000 So he did stand out like a sore thumb. 836 00:39:34,000 --> 00:39:37,320 - [Brian] I was amazed by this dark, smokey, 837 00:39:37,320 --> 00:39:40,600 dank atmosphere, this beat music playing away. 838 00:39:40,600 --> 00:39:43,840 The Beatles were then just four lads 839 00:39:43,840 --> 00:39:48,120 on the rather dimly lit stage, somewhat ill-clad, 840 00:39:48,120 --> 00:39:51,240 and their presentation left a little to be desired 841 00:39:51,240 --> 00:39:53,000 as far as I was concerned. 842 00:39:53,000 --> 00:39:56,680 Amongst all that, something tremendous came over. 843 00:39:56,680 --> 00:39:58,040 - [Paul] My major recollection then, 844 00:39:58,040 --> 00:40:02,160 there was a meeting fixed to go round to NEMS after hours 845 00:40:02,160 --> 00:40:05,480 to talk to Brian about him impossibly managing us. 846 00:40:07,960 --> 00:40:10,040 (lively music) 847 00:40:10,040 --> 00:40:14,840 - You know, I moved to Paris in September '61. 848 00:40:15,840 --> 00:40:18,320 John and Paul came to visit me 849 00:40:18,320 --> 00:40:20,920 just after I had been there one month. 850 00:40:20,920 --> 00:40:23,320 - [Paul] I mean, we knew Jurgen from Hamburg 851 00:40:23,320 --> 00:40:25,080 and he was a good friend of ours. 852 00:40:25,080 --> 00:40:27,480 He had his hair sort of like this. 853 00:40:27,480 --> 00:40:30,040 We said, "Can you cut our hair like yours?" 854 00:40:30,040 --> 00:40:32,120 That was the beginning of the Beatle haircut. 855 00:40:32,120 --> 00:40:35,000 - But because it was a long piece of hair fringe 856 00:40:35,000 --> 00:40:36,240 going across the forehead, 857 00:40:36,240 --> 00:40:38,320 the boys kept doing this with their head 858 00:40:38,320 --> 00:40:40,960 and this is where the famous head shake came from. 859 00:40:42,440 --> 00:40:45,680 There was a fan club night down at The Cavern. 860 00:40:45,680 --> 00:40:49,720 So The Beatles went on stage in their full leathers. 861 00:40:49,720 --> 00:40:51,200 Did their first set. 862 00:40:51,200 --> 00:40:53,320 Went off into the band room 863 00:40:53,320 --> 00:40:55,760 and we waited and the next thing is, 864 00:40:55,760 --> 00:40:58,960 The Beatles come back on stage in suits. 865 00:40:58,960 --> 00:41:00,120 - [Paul] And Brian suggested 866 00:41:00,120 --> 00:41:02,640 that we just sort of wore ordinary suits. 867 00:41:02,640 --> 00:41:04,720 - But no, we never saw the leathers again. 868 00:41:08,640 --> 00:41:10,200 (no audio) 869 00:41:10,200 --> 00:41:12,840 (lively music) 870 00:41:20,600 --> 00:41:24,280 - So here we are right in front of the famous Star Club. 871 00:41:24,280 --> 00:41:25,840 Or what used to be the Star Club, 872 00:41:25,840 --> 00:41:27,880 because the building is not there anymore. 873 00:41:27,880 --> 00:41:30,960 It's probably still the most famous German club 874 00:41:30,960 --> 00:41:32,240 all over the world. 875 00:41:32,240 --> 00:41:35,280 And it's, of course, famous for The Beatles. 876 00:41:35,280 --> 00:41:38,840 - Manfred Weissleder had a club called Star Club. 877 00:41:38,840 --> 00:41:41,600 Horst Fascher, who used to be the manager 878 00:41:41,600 --> 00:41:45,480 of the Top Ten and lost his job and wanted a new one. 879 00:41:45,480 --> 00:41:49,600 So he talked Weissleder into having a rock and roll club. 880 00:41:49,600 --> 00:41:51,200 - [Horst] And then I told him about The Beatles, 881 00:41:51,200 --> 00:41:54,960 that The Beatles were in Hamburg in the Top Ten 882 00:41:54,960 --> 00:41:56,880 and they went down so well. 883 00:41:56,880 --> 00:41:59,920 If I would go over now and try to get The Beatles 884 00:41:59,920 --> 00:42:02,640 for the Star Club, we would have the biggest opening 885 00:42:02,640 --> 00:42:04,440 we could ever think of. 886 00:42:04,440 --> 00:42:08,040 So we had to go to Brian Epstein to deal with him. 887 00:42:08,040 --> 00:42:11,200 (gentle music) 888 00:42:11,200 --> 00:42:14,040 (dramatic music) 889 00:42:16,960 --> 00:42:20,040 - [Paul] So what happened was Stu fell in love with Astrid, 890 00:42:20,040 --> 00:42:22,960 who was the German girl that he'd met out there, 891 00:42:22,960 --> 00:42:25,760 and she was very beautiful little German girl. 892 00:42:25,760 --> 00:42:28,960 And he sort of took on a bit of this German student look, 893 00:42:28,960 --> 00:42:31,200 became very fashionable, actually, 894 00:42:31,200 --> 00:42:33,040 wildly fashionable, he was fantastic. 895 00:42:33,040 --> 00:42:34,360 We said, Stu! 896 00:42:34,360 --> 00:42:36,040 God, I mean, he really looked great. 897 00:42:36,040 --> 00:42:38,600 It was quite a major change in his life. 898 00:42:38,600 --> 00:42:39,640 But while he was out there, 899 00:42:39,640 --> 00:42:41,400 he started getting these headaches. 900 00:42:41,400 --> 00:42:44,240 (dramatic music) 901 00:42:47,080 --> 00:42:48,520 - [Pete] First time we'd flown over 902 00:42:48,520 --> 00:42:51,120 and we were expecting Stu and Astrid 903 00:42:51,120 --> 00:42:52,200 to meet us at the airport. 904 00:42:52,200 --> 00:42:54,880 And when we got off the plane, we saw Astrid there. 905 00:42:54,880 --> 00:42:56,480 You always expected Stu to be with her. 906 00:42:56,480 --> 00:42:57,760 She just said that Stuart died 907 00:42:57,760 --> 00:43:00,080 a couple of days before we actually got in to Hamburg. 908 00:43:00,080 --> 00:43:02,440 (dramatic music) 909 00:43:02,440 --> 00:43:04,720 - [Paul] But he eventually died of a brain hemorrhage. 910 00:43:04,720 --> 00:43:07,440 - Pete just bursted out in tears. 911 00:43:08,320 --> 00:43:13,160 Paul was just holding me, and John just freaked out. 912 00:43:13,160 --> 00:43:14,640 He completely freaked out. 913 00:43:14,640 --> 00:43:19,640 He freaked out as far as just laughing until tears came. 914 00:43:20,120 --> 00:43:22,840 (dramatic music) 915 00:43:29,120 --> 00:43:31,760 (lively music) 916 00:43:35,160 --> 00:43:38,240 - Manfred Weissleder, the owner of the Star Club 917 00:43:38,240 --> 00:43:43,240 took all these St Pauli stars from the Top Ten Club. 918 00:43:43,240 --> 00:43:46,360 And so he had Tony Sheridan and The Beatles. 919 00:43:46,360 --> 00:43:48,520 - Manfred was a gentleman. 920 00:43:48,520 --> 00:43:52,640 I wouldn't have got on the wrong side of him. (laughs) 921 00:43:52,640 --> 00:43:55,360 (lively music) 922 00:43:55,360 --> 00:43:58,520 Horst Fascher was the sort of manager, 923 00:43:59,360 --> 00:44:01,280 fixer, and whatever, 924 00:44:01,280 --> 00:44:04,360 and he had an offsider called Ali. 925 00:44:04,360 --> 00:44:06,280 They looked after the bands, 926 00:44:06,280 --> 00:44:07,840 also looked after the audience 927 00:44:07,840 --> 00:44:10,840 when there was any sort of trouble in the audience. 928 00:44:10,840 --> 00:44:14,640 It never lasted longer than about 40 seconds. 929 00:44:14,640 --> 00:44:16,760 They were real heavy. 930 00:44:16,760 --> 00:44:19,640 (lively music) 931 00:44:19,640 --> 00:44:22,080 - Weissleder had everybody who was important 932 00:44:22,080 --> 00:44:23,200 in rock and roll. 933 00:44:23,200 --> 00:44:26,480 Chuck Berry, Fats Domino, Gene Vincent. 934 00:44:26,480 --> 00:44:28,960 - Chubby Checker, Little Richard, 935 00:44:28,960 --> 00:44:33,440 everyone who was famous, they used to go via the Star Club. 936 00:44:33,440 --> 00:44:37,320 - [Paul] For me the first wild high voice I ever heard 937 00:44:37,320 --> 00:44:38,200 was Little Richard. 938 00:44:38,200 --> 00:44:40,800 (lively music) 939 00:44:43,680 --> 00:44:44,840 ♪ I got a gal ♪ 940 00:44:44,840 --> 00:44:46,200 - [Paul] But we met him in Hamburg. 941 00:44:46,200 --> 00:44:47,520 That was the real time we got to know him. 942 00:44:47,520 --> 00:44:48,640 ♪ Was getting wild ♪ 943 00:44:48,640 --> 00:44:49,640 ♪ Breakfast in the morning ♪ 944 00:44:49,640 --> 00:44:51,120 ♪ And dinner at night ♪ 945 00:44:51,120 --> 00:44:51,960 ♪ Everything she do ♪ 946 00:44:51,960 --> 00:44:53,520 - [Paul] And it was just after his kind of 947 00:44:53,520 --> 00:44:54,600 evangelistic period. 948 00:44:54,600 --> 00:44:57,640 We used to say, "Is it true you threw all your rings off 949 00:44:57,640 --> 00:44:59,600 the bridge and gave all your money away?" 950 00:44:59,600 --> 00:45:01,640 "Well, of course it's true child!" 951 00:45:01,640 --> 00:45:03,720 - [Little Richard] You know, so I went to Hamburg, Germany, 952 00:45:03,720 --> 00:45:04,560 with them. 953 00:45:04,560 --> 00:45:06,720 - [Paul] He used to get in front of the mirror. 954 00:45:08,440 --> 00:45:10,480 He'd do this Vick treatment for his throat. 955 00:45:10,480 --> 00:45:11,560 You know, you put a towel over your head, 956 00:45:11,560 --> 00:45:13,840 you get Vick and the hot water, 957 00:45:13,840 --> 00:45:15,320 and he'd come up. 958 00:45:15,320 --> 00:45:17,160 "Oh, you're so beautiful. 959 00:45:17,160 --> 00:45:18,920 I can't help because I'm so beautiful. 960 00:45:18,920 --> 00:45:19,760 Oh, Richard!" 961 00:45:19,760 --> 00:45:21,440 ♪ Boogie, swing it right ♪ 962 00:45:21,440 --> 00:45:24,440 ♪ Having a ball on Saturday night ♪ 963 00:45:24,440 --> 00:45:25,840 ♪ Said what you want us to play ♪ 964 00:45:25,840 --> 00:45:26,800 - Paul was so nice. 965 00:45:26,800 --> 00:45:29,560 You know, John used to like to mess with me 966 00:45:29,560 --> 00:45:32,120 in my dressing room, you know, quite a bit. 967 00:45:32,120 --> 00:45:34,960 I can't say on television what he did, you know? 968 00:45:37,280 --> 00:45:39,160 He was something else. 969 00:45:39,160 --> 00:45:40,880 In fact, I never met nobody like him. 970 00:45:40,880 --> 00:45:42,040 - [Host] Really? 971 00:45:42,040 --> 00:45:44,560 - I don't think nobody met nobody like him. 972 00:45:44,560 --> 00:45:45,720 I don't mean he was bad. 973 00:45:45,720 --> 00:45:47,800 Listen, I'm not saying nothing bad about him. 974 00:45:47,800 --> 00:45:49,720 God bless his soul. 975 00:45:49,720 --> 00:45:50,720 But he was all right. 976 00:45:50,720 --> 00:45:52,520 But he would mess with me. 977 00:45:55,600 --> 00:45:58,520 He wouldn't let me out of my dressing room. 978 00:45:58,520 --> 00:46:03,040 He would hold the door and I'd be screaming. 979 00:46:03,040 --> 00:46:05,560 - [Paul] He said to him, "Little Richard!" 980 00:46:05,560 --> 00:46:08,240 (lively music) 981 00:46:15,760 --> 00:46:19,320 - The Star Club was sort of the starting point 982 00:46:19,320 --> 00:46:21,840 for the British invasion 983 00:46:21,840 --> 00:46:24,040 because they learned their trade there 984 00:46:24,040 --> 00:46:25,320 and went to the world. 985 00:46:25,320 --> 00:46:27,160 Because becoming bigger, bigger, bigger. 986 00:46:27,160 --> 00:46:29,080 And that was the end of the Star Club, 987 00:46:29,080 --> 00:46:31,920 because they couldn't afford these acts anymore. 988 00:46:31,920 --> 00:46:34,480 (lively music) 989 00:46:36,960 --> 00:46:38,840 (crowd cheering) 990 00:46:38,840 --> 00:46:41,440 (lively music) 991 00:46:47,760 --> 00:46:50,800 - We didn't find out until we came down to The Cavern 992 00:46:50,800 --> 00:46:55,800 on the 19th of August '62, Pete was missing off the drums 993 00:46:56,560 --> 00:46:58,480 and Ringo was in his place. 994 00:46:58,480 --> 00:47:01,720 Now, we knew Ringo from Rory Storm and Hurricanes. 995 00:47:01,720 --> 00:47:02,800 Why's Ringo here? 996 00:47:02,800 --> 00:47:03,960 Where's Pete? 997 00:47:03,960 --> 00:47:06,760 - [Paul] It's one of those moments that you see dramatized, 998 00:47:06,760 --> 00:47:08,720 you know, where they're groups of mates and everything 999 00:47:08,720 --> 00:47:11,160 and the big producer just wants two of them. 1000 00:47:11,160 --> 00:47:13,360 - [George] I decided that Pete wasn't a very good drummer, 1001 00:47:13,360 --> 00:47:16,880 so I went to Brian. I said, "Look, there's no reason why 1002 00:47:16,880 --> 00:47:19,440 to the public Pete Best shouldn't be part of the group. 1003 00:47:19,440 --> 00:47:22,840 But as far as records are concerned he's out." 1004 00:47:22,840 --> 00:47:25,160 - [Paul] George Martin had been used to 1005 00:47:25,160 --> 00:47:26,600 more professional drummers, you know, 1006 00:47:26,600 --> 00:47:29,120 that were actually out of pit orchestras 1007 00:47:29,120 --> 00:47:32,080 and people who'd been making records for years. 1008 00:47:32,080 --> 00:47:33,320 - [Pete] The reason that they gave 1009 00:47:33,320 --> 00:47:36,040 was they felt that I wasn't a good enough drummer 1010 00:47:36,040 --> 00:47:37,640 and that Ringo was better. 1011 00:47:37,640 --> 00:47:40,960 And this doesn't hold water as far as I'm concerned. 1012 00:47:40,960 --> 00:47:44,400 - Pete was a fiercely good looking guy. 1013 00:47:45,800 --> 00:47:48,520 He had a big following of fans. 1014 00:47:48,520 --> 00:47:49,640 - [Paul] It became obvious 1015 00:47:49,640 --> 00:47:52,200 that we weren't going to be able to continue with Pete, 1016 00:47:52,200 --> 00:47:54,280 and it was like a major scandal at the time 1017 00:47:54,280 --> 00:47:56,120 because Pete had a lot of fans. 1018 00:47:56,120 --> 00:47:59,080 - Talk filtered through, "Oh, he's been replaced." 1019 00:47:59,080 --> 00:48:00,680 And of course once we heard that, 1020 00:48:00,680 --> 00:48:04,600 we all started to chant, "Pete forever, Ringo never." 1021 00:48:04,600 --> 00:48:06,040 (lively music) 1022 00:48:06,040 --> 00:48:08,480 - [Pete] The success they had I should have been part of. 1023 00:48:08,480 --> 00:48:10,480 I mean, it's as simple as that. 1024 00:48:10,480 --> 00:48:13,760 - [Paul] Anyway, Ringo was very polished with his drumming. 1025 00:48:13,760 --> 00:48:15,680 - But we gradually accepted it. 1026 00:48:15,680 --> 00:48:17,640 We didn't have a choice, we had to. 1027 00:48:17,640 --> 00:48:20,320 (lively music) 1028 00:48:21,160 --> 00:48:26,160 - The Beatles played here three engagements in 1962. 1029 00:48:26,320 --> 00:48:28,120 They played on the opening night 1030 00:48:28,120 --> 00:48:29,480 and they stayed for two months, 1031 00:48:29,480 --> 00:48:31,000 played every night, 1032 00:48:31,000 --> 00:48:35,160 and then they came back in November and December 1962 1033 00:48:35,160 --> 00:48:37,680 already with Ringo on drums then. 1034 00:48:37,680 --> 00:48:40,960 To play their last two shorter engagements. 1035 00:48:40,960 --> 00:48:43,560 - They played the Star Club three times. 1036 00:48:43,560 --> 00:48:46,960 The last time they didn't really want to play there. 1037 00:48:46,960 --> 00:48:49,240 They had to because there were a contract. 1038 00:48:49,240 --> 00:48:52,960 - Their last show at the Star Club was New Year's Eve 1962, 1039 00:48:52,960 --> 00:48:54,360 and then they leave Hamburg 1040 00:48:54,360 --> 00:48:57,520 and almost immediately become big stars in England 1041 00:48:57,520 --> 00:49:01,560 because the first number one, Please Please Me, 1042 00:49:01,560 --> 00:49:03,720 comes out only 11 days after they played 1043 00:49:03,720 --> 00:49:06,080 their last show at the Star Club. 1044 00:49:06,080 --> 00:49:08,640 (lively music) 1045 00:49:16,080 --> 00:49:20,160 (lively music continues) 1046 00:49:20,160 --> 00:49:22,400 - How do you become a Beatle? 1047 00:49:22,400 --> 00:49:25,560 I said, "Well, first of all, you go to Hamburg, 1048 00:49:25,560 --> 00:49:27,800 you work seven nights a week. 1049 00:49:27,800 --> 00:49:31,240 The playing times are something like 7 and 8 hours 1050 00:49:31,240 --> 00:49:32,680 at weekends." 1051 00:49:32,680 --> 00:49:34,320 That's where they learned their trade. 1052 00:49:34,320 --> 00:49:36,760 It wasn't Liverpool that made The Beatles. 1053 00:49:36,760 --> 00:49:39,200 - Well, I used to call it the University of the Street. 1054 00:49:39,200 --> 00:49:43,080 The musical part, but also the Reeperbahn 1055 00:49:43,080 --> 00:49:44,880 Grosse Freiheit part. 1056 00:49:44,880 --> 00:49:46,480 ♪ My heart's beating a rhythm ♪ 1057 00:49:46,480 --> 00:49:49,480 ♪ A-shaking out rhythm and blues ♪ 1058 00:49:49,480 --> 00:49:52,240 - [Paul] At that time we were just kids let off the leash. 1059 00:49:52,240 --> 00:49:53,800 - Another great learning curve for us, 1060 00:49:53,800 --> 00:49:56,960 but that's what we wanted from rock and roll. 1061 00:49:56,960 --> 00:50:01,800 ♪ Shot of rhythm and blues ♪ 1062 00:50:01,800 --> 00:50:03,240 ♪ My heart's beating a rhythm ♪ 1063 00:50:03,240 --> 00:50:06,480 - But maybe they had to go through this all 1064 00:50:06,480 --> 00:50:08,920 to became what they were in the end. 1065 00:50:08,920 --> 00:50:10,280 The biggest in the world. 1066 00:50:11,280 --> 00:50:13,360 But here where it starts. 1067 00:50:13,360 --> 00:50:17,000 - That's the hardest school you could have. 1068 00:50:17,000 --> 00:50:18,680 And they had it. 1069 00:50:18,680 --> 00:50:20,320 ♪ My heart's beating a rhythm ♪ 1070 00:50:20,320 --> 00:50:22,720 ♪ A-shaking out rhythm and blues ♪ 1071 00:50:22,720 --> 00:50:26,440 - [George] In my opinion, our peak for playing live 1072 00:50:26,440 --> 00:50:27,920 was in Hamburg. 1073 00:50:27,920 --> 00:50:29,160 - [John] In Liverpool, Hamburg, 1074 00:50:29,160 --> 00:50:30,760 and around the dance halls, you know? 1075 00:50:30,760 --> 00:50:34,000 And what we generated was fantastic 1076 00:50:34,000 --> 00:50:36,120 when we played straight rock 1077 00:50:36,120 --> 00:50:38,720 and there was nobody to touch us in Britain, you know? 1078 00:50:38,720 --> 00:50:40,840 But as soon as we made it, we made it. 1079 00:50:40,840 --> 00:50:43,280 The edges were knocked off. 1080 00:50:44,160 --> 00:50:47,680 ♪ Rhythm and blues ♪ 1081 00:50:47,680 --> 00:50:50,240 (lively music) 1082 00:50:57,720 --> 00:50:59,400 (lively music continues) 1083 00:50:59,400 --> 00:51:01,840 - Hamburg didn't change The Beatles. 1084 00:51:01,840 --> 00:51:05,440 Hamburg changed everyone. 1085 00:51:05,440 --> 00:51:09,200 St Pauli changed everyone here. 1086 00:51:09,200 --> 00:51:12,720 Everyone who was there at that time. 1087 00:51:12,720 --> 00:51:15,440 (dramatic music) 1088 00:51:22,720 --> 00:51:26,320 (dramatic music continues) 1089 00:51:31,560 --> 00:51:34,320 (dramatic music) 1090 00:51:45,040 --> 00:51:47,640 (lively music) 1091 00:51:55,040 --> 00:51:58,440 (lively music continues) 1092 00:52:05,160 --> 00:52:08,560 (lively music continues) 1093 00:52:15,240 --> 00:52:18,640 (lively music continues) 1094 00:52:25,360 --> 00:52:28,760 (lively music continues) 1095 00:52:35,440 --> 00:52:38,880 (lively music continues) 1096 00:52:45,560 --> 00:52:48,960 (lively music continues) 1097 00:52:55,640 --> 00:52:59,080 (lively music continues) 1098 00:53:05,760 --> 00:53:09,160 (lively music continues) 1099 00:53:14,840 --> 00:53:18,240 (lively music continues) 1100 00:53:24,920 --> 00:53:28,360 (lively music continues) 1101 00:53:35,040 --> 00:53:38,440 (lively music continues) 1102 00:53:45,160 --> 00:53:48,560 (lively music continues) 1103 00:53:55,240 --> 00:53:58,640 (lively music continues)